When introducing shapes to your toddler, point to the appropriate shape and say "circle" or "square". It helps to point at a variety of items while naming the appropriate shapes. Your child will soon be able to tell the difference between a circle and a square. Encourage your child to repeat after you as you introduce shapes.

By pointing at an object, you could mention the color. For example, you could say to your toddler, "Wow, you are playing with a red car."
You have told the toddler that is the color red. Randomly point at different objects, and mention the color and the name of the object. Allow your child to repeat after you as you mention colors.

During the toddler phase, it is best to teach them to memorize counting 1-10. Incorporate counting into your daily activities at home. For example count to five or ten before starting or transitioning to a new activity. Then once they are comfortable counting by themselves, you can help them to recognize numbers visually.

Toddlers love songs and games. It may seem like an overwhelming task to teach them the alphabet, but it doesn't have to be. Sing the ABC's everyday. Have your toddler repeat after you. Like counting, incorporate the alphabet song into your child's daily activities because learning the ABCs takes time.